International Gold Number of Neutrons
The International Gold Number of Neutrons (INGON) is a standard unit of measurement used to quantify the neutron content of a substance. It was established in 1964 by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) as the number of neutrons in one cubic centimeter of gold with a density of 19.3 grams per cubic centimeter.
Definition
The INGON is defined as follows:
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1 INGON = 0.694 × 10^24 neutrons/cm^3
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Applications
The INGON is commonly used in nuclear physics and neutron radiography, where it serves as a convenient reference point for comparing neutron fluxes and densities. It is also used to calibrate neutron detectors and sources.
Determination
The INGON was originally determined by measuring the density of gold and the number of neutrons emitted by a known weight of gold when bombarded with a neutron source. Modern techniques use neutron scattering and activation analysis to measure the neutron content of gold with high precision.
Significance
The INGON provides a standardized unit for measuring neutron content, which is essential for accurate and reliable neutron measurements across different laboratories and disciplines. It facilitates the comparison of experimental data and ensures consistency in the field of neutron science.
Related Units
The INGON is related to other units of neutron content, such as:
* Barn: A unit of neutron cross-sectional area
* Neutron flux: The number of neutrons passing through a given surface area per unit time
* Neutron density: The number of neutrons per unit volume
Conversion Factors
To convert between INGON and other units, the following conversion factors can be used:
* 1 INGON = 6.94 × 10^13 barns/cm^2
* 1 INGON = 1.51 × 10^19 neutrons/cm^2/s (for a thermal neutron flux of 10^8 neutrons/cm^2/s)
* 1 INGON = 4.83 × 10^12 neutrons/cm^3
Conclusion
The International Gold Number of Neutrons is a fundamental unit in neutron science, providing a standardized measure for quantifying the neutron content of a substance. Its establishment and continued use have greatly facilitated the advancement of nuclear physics and neutron applications in various fields.
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