International Gold Reserves by Country
Gold reserves have been used as a store of value and a medium of exchange for centuries. Today, central banks and governments hold significant amounts of gold as part of their foreign exchange reserves. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) tracks the international gold reserves of its member countries and publishes the data on its website.
As of January 2023, the United States held the largest amount of gold in its reserves, with 8,134 metric tons. Germany was in second place with 3,360 metric tons, followed by Italy with 2,452 metric tons. France, China, and Russia rounded out the top six, with 2,436, 1,948, and 1,874 metric tons, respectively.
The top ten countries by gold reserves are:
1. United States: 8,134 metric tons
2. Germany: 3,360 metric tons
3. Italy: 2,452 metric tons
4. France: 2,436 metric tons
5. China: 1,948 metric tons
6. Russia: 1,874 metric tons
7. Switzerland: 1,040 metric tons
8. Japan: 765 metric tons
9. India: 562 metric tons
10. Netherlands: 513 metric tons
The distribution of gold reserves among countries has changed over time. In the early 20th century, the United Kingdom held the largest gold reserves in the world. However, the United States surpassed the United Kingdom in the 1930s, and has held the top position ever since.
Gold reserves are an important part of the global financial system. They provide central banks with a source of liquidity and stability in times of crisis. Gold is also seen as a safe haven asset, and its price often rises during periods of economic uncertainty.
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