International Gold Nanoparticles Definition
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are nanoscale particles of gold that are typically less than 100 nanometers in diameter. They have a unique set of optical, electronic, and chemical properties that make them useful for a variety of applications, including:
* Biomedical applications: AuNPs can be used for drug delivery, gene therapy, and cancer treatment.
* Electronics: AuNPs can be used to create conductive materials, sensors, and other electronic devices.
* Catalysis: AuNPs can be used as catalysts for a variety of chemical reactions.
* Optics: AuNPs can be used to create optical materials, such as plasmonic metamaterials and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates.
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has developed a definition for gold nanoparticles that is intended to be used globally. According to ISO, gold nanoparticles are “solid particles of elemental gold with a diameter of less than 100 nanometers.” This definition is based on the following criteria:
* The particles must be composed of elemental gold.
* The particles must have a diameter of less than 100 nanometers.
* The particles must be solid.
The ISO definition of gold nanoparticles is important because it provides a common reference point for researchers and industry professionals working with these materials. This helps to ensure that everyone is using the same terminology and that data can be compared from different studies.
Additional Notes:
* Gold nanoparticles can be synthesized in a variety of ways, including chemical reduction, electrochemical deposition, and laser ablation.
* The size, shape, and surface properties of gold nanoparticles can be controlled by tuning the synthesis conditions.
* Gold nanoparticles are often coated with ligands to improve their stability and functionality.
* Gold nanoparticles have a high surface-to-volume ratio, which makes them highly reactive and sensitive to changes in their environment.
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